UC Berkeley biologists have tracked down genes that control the handedness of snail shells, and they turn out to be similar to the genes used by humans to set up the left and right sides of the body.

Traditional algorithms for simulating quantum computers on classical onesrequire an exponentially large amount of memory, and so typically cannotsimulate general quantum circuits with more than about 30 or so qubits on atypical PC-scale platform with only a few gigabytes of

We analyze bipartite quantum states that admit a symmetric extension. Anysuch state can be decomposed into a convex combination of states that allow a_pure_ symmetric extension. A necessary condition for a state to admit a puresymmetric extension is that the

We propose and analyze a novel approach to quantum information processing, inwhich multiple qubits can be encoded and manipulated using electronic andnuclear degrees of freedom associated with individual alkaline-earth atomstrapped in an optical lattice. Specifically, we describe how the qubits

This paper is devoted to energy-spectral analysis for the system of atwo-level atom coupled with photons in a cavity. It is shown that theDicke-type energy level crossings take place when the atom-cavity interactionof the system undergoes changes between the weak

We show that the three-qubit entanglement classes: (0) Null, (1) SeparableA-B-C, (2a) Biseparable A-BC, (2b) Biseparable B-CA, (2c) Biseparable C-AB, (3)W and (4) GHZ correspond respectively to ranks 0, 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3 and 4 of aFreudenthal triple system

The general solution of the stationary Schrodinger equation for theassociated Lame potentials with an arbitrary real energy is found. Thesupersymmetric partners are generated by employing seeds solutions forfactorization energies inside the gaps.

In a recent article Wang et al. (Class. Quantum Grav. 23 (2006) L59),demonstrated that phase of a particle fluctuated due to interactions withrandom deviations of a conformal gravitational field. Furthermore theydemonstrated that atom interferometers were sensitive to these fluctuations andthat

We establish a framework for oracle identification problems in the continuousvariable setting, where the stated problem necessarily is the same as in thediscrete variable case, and continuous variables are manifested through acontinuous representation in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. We applythis

The equation of state of a weakly interacting two-dimensional Bose gas isstudied at zero temperature by means of quantum Monte Carlo methods. Going downto as low densities as na^2 ~ 10^{-67} permits us for the first time to obtainagreement on

We analyze the relationship between tripartite entanglement and genuinetripartite nonlocality for 3-qubit pure states in the GHZ class. We consider afamily of states known as the generalized GHZ states and derive an analyticalexpression relating the 3-tangle, which quantifies tripartite entanglement,

Coherent coupling of two qubits mediated by a nonlinear resonator is studied.It is shown that the amount of entanglement accessible in the evolution dependsboth on the strength of nonlinearity in the Hamiltonian of the resonator and onthe initial preparation of

Within a generalized Caldeira-Leggett model we analyze the conditions underwhich a bosonic heat bath can entangle two microscopic quantum systems at adistance $r$. We find that the maximally obtainable entanglement between theremote systems is extremely distance-sensitive. Significant entanglement canonly be

We study the efficacy of two-qubit mixed entangled states as resources forquantum teleportation. We first consider two maximally entangled mixed states,viz., the Werner state\cite{werner}, and a class of states introduced by Munro{\it et al.} \cite{munro}. We show that the Werner

We discuss the generation of states close to the boundary-family of maximallyentangled mixed states as defined by the use of concurrence and linear entropy.The coupling of two qubits to a dissipation-affected bosonic mode is able toproduce a bipartite state having,

We propose and theoretically analyse an experimental configuration in whichlasers induce 3-spin interactions between trapped ions.By properly choosing theintensities and frequencies of the lasers, 3-spin couplings may be dominant orcomparable to 2-spin terms and magnetic fields. In this way, trapped

A quantum ensemble $\{(p_x, \rho_x)\}$ is a set of quantum states eachoccurring randomly with a given probability. Quantum ensembles are necessary todescribe situations with incomplete a priori information, such as the output ofa stochastic quantum channel (generalized measurement), and play

We present a quantum analysis of the three-mode optoacoustic parametricinteractions (one acoustic mode and two optical modes) in an optical cavity,which was previously analyzed by Braginsky et al. in the classical picture.This system can be implemented in the quantum ground-state

In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positivequantum dynamical semigroups, we give a description of the continuous-variableentanglement for a system consisting of two independent harmonic oscillatorsinteracting with a general environment. Using Peres-Simon necessary andsufficient criterion

We study the entanglement distillability properties of thermal states ofmany-body systems. Following the ideas presented in [D.Cavalcanti et al.,arxiv:0705.3762], we first discuss the appearance of bound entanglement inthose systems satisfying an entanglement area law. Then, we extend theseresults to other