Parents of children with intellectual disabilities have long been frustrated by IQ testing that tells them little to nothing about their children's long-term learning potential. Now, researchers have developed a new method which provides more accurate view of children's potential.

Theories suggest that we forget when information simply decays from our memory (when too much time has passed) or when we confuse an item with other items that we have previously encountered (also known as temporal confusability). Psychologists investigated the

Is obesity all in your head? New research suggests that genes that predispose people to obesity act in the brain and that perhaps some people are simply hardwired to overeat. A genetic study of more than 90,000 people has identified

The oldest surviving human brain in Britain, dating back at least 2000 years to the Iron Age, has been unearthed during excavations on the site of the University of York's campus expansion at Heslington East.

A building designed to recapture the past may bring nostalgia, but the end product may not capture current realities of a place, says a professor of historic preservation.

Archaeologists have recovered three lead bars which may originate from the third century before Christ, 39 meters under the sea off the north coast of Ibiza. One of the bars has Iberian characters on it. The lead originates from the

Archaeological researchers have discovered that the aurochs, the predecessor of our present-day cow, lived in the Netherlands for longer than originally assumed. Remains of bones recently retrieved from a horn core found in Holwerd (Friesland, Netherlands), show that the aurochs

Any characterization of a single-photon source is not complete withoutspecifying its second-order degree of coherence, i.e., its $g^{(2)}$ function.An accurate measurement of such coherence functions commonly requireshigh-precision single-photon detectors, in whose absence, only time-averagedmeasurements are possible. It is not clear,

We consider the adiabatic demagnetization in the rotating reference frame(ADRF) of a system of dipolar coupled nuclear spins $s=1/2$ in the externalmagnetic field. The demagnetization starts with the offset of the externalmagnetic field (in frequency units) from the Larmor frequency

We present an efficient method for producing $N$ particle entangled statesusing Rydberg blockade interactions. Optical excitation of Rydberg states thatinteract weakly, yet have a strong coupling to a second control state is usedto achieve state dependent qubit rotations in small

We propose to use ferromagnetic systems for entanglement generation anddistribution together with perfect state transfer between distant parties in aqubit chain. The scheme relies on an effective 2-qubit dynamics, realized byleaving two empty sites in a uniformly filled chain. This

We study the normal form of multipartite density matrices. It is shown thatthe correlation matrix (CM) separability criterion can be improved from thenormal form we obtained under filtering transformations. Based on CM criterionthe entanglement witness is further constructed in terms

I would claim that we do not have a suitably general definition of what atopological phase is, or more importantly, any robust understanding of how toenter one even in the world of mathematical models. The latter is, of course,the more

In categorical quantum mechanics, classical structures characterize theclassical interfaces of quantum resources on one hand, while on the other handgiving rise to some quantum phenomena. In the standard Hilbert space model ofquantum theories, classical structures over a space correspond to

We demonstrate a tunable, narrow-band filter based on optical-pumping-inducedcircular dichroism in rubidium vapor. The filter achieves a peak transmissionof 14.6%, a linewidth of 80 MHz, and an out-of-band extinction >35 dB. Thetransmission peak can be tuned within the range of

We give a general proof for the existence and realizability of Clifford gatesin the Ising topological quantum computer. We show that all quantum gates thatcan be implemented by braiding of Ising anyons are Clifford gates. We find thatthe braiding gates

The circumstances under which a system reaches thermal equilibrium, and howto derive this from basic dynamical laws, has been a major question from thevery beginning of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Despiteconsiderable progress, it remains an open problem. Motivated by this

In this paper, we derive a new bound on the minimum-error probability forambiguous discrimination and compare the new bound with that obtained by thefirst author in [Phys. Rev. A 77, 012328 (2008)]. Then, we clarify further arelation between ambiguous and

We study mappings between distinct classical spin systems that leave thepartition function invariant. As recently shown in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,110501 (2008)], the partition function of the 2D square lattice Ising model inthe presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field, can

The mass symmetry between the two species in electron-positron (pair) plasmashas interesting consequences for collisionless magnetic reconnection becausethe Hall term, which plays a crucial role in supporting fast reconnection inelectron-proton plasmas, vanishes. We perform kinetic simulations of pairreconnection in systems